International terrorism is a nationwide problem. Those involved in international terrorism are not associated with any single area of the UK, and individuals convicted of terrorist offences have lived in many different parts of the country. Terrorists have sought to target a variety of locations. Attacks related to international terrorism have occurred in London and Glasgow, and thwarted terrorist plots have been aimed at targets outside the capital.
Terrorist attacks in the UK
Burned-out Jeep used in the 30 June 2007 terrorist attack on Glasgow International Airport.
The Security Service, police and other UK agencies work together to identify terrorist plots and bring their authors to justice. Our combined efforts have achieved a number of notable successes. However, as the former Director General of the Security Service, Dame Eliza Manningham-Buller said in 2006, "we will continue to stop most [terrorist attacks], but we will not stop all of them." Several attacks linked to international terrorism have taken place over the last few years, notably:
- 7 July 2005
Four suicide bombers attacked the London transport system, killing themselves and 52 other people. - 21 July 2005
Four more suicide bombers attempted to carry out another series of attacks on the London transport system but failed. They were subsequently apprehended and sentenced to life imprisonment in July 2007. - 29-30 June 2007
After an unsuccessful attempt to bomb a nightclub in central London, two terrorists attempted to carry out a suicide attack on Glasgow International Airport. One subsequently died of his injuries and the other, Bilal Abdulla, was arrested and given a life sentence in January 2008. - 22 May 2008
Mohammed Abdul Aziz Rashid Saeed, also known as Nicky Reilly, accidentally detonated an explosive device in the toilet of an Exeter restaurant as he prepared to carry out a terrorist attack. He was later imprisoned for life.
Arrests and convictions
Between 11 September 2001 and 31 March 2010, 237 individuals have been convicted of terrorism-related offences, including murder, illegal possession of firearms and explosives offences. 1,834 people have been arrested under the Terrorism Act during this period. As of 31 March 2010, 102 prisoners were classified as terrorists, 73 per cent of whom were UK nationals. For more statistical information on the operation of police powers under the Terrorism Act, see the Home Office Statistical Bulletin of 28 October 2010.
Notable terrorist convictions up to the end of 2010 have included the following cases. For more information on each, please click on the links to see statements by the police and the Crown Prosecution Service. (All links will open in a new window.)
- 27 February 2002
Moinul Abedin was sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment after being convicted of making large amounts of detonators and the explosive HMTD in a Birmingham house. - 1 April 2003
Leicester residents Brahim Benmerzouga and Baghdad Merziane were each sentenced to 11 years' imprisonment for their roles in fundraising for Al Qaida and other extremist groups. - 1 March 2005
Saajit Badat was imprisoned for 13 years following his admission that he had plotted with jailed shoe-bomber Richard Reid to destroy an airliner over the Atlantic.
Metropolitan Police - 13 April 2005
Kamel Bourgass was convicted of plotting to commit a public nuisance by the use of poisons and/or explosives to cause disruption, fear or injury. He was already serving a life sentence for the murder of PC Stephen Oake.
Metropolitan Police • Crown Prosecution Service - 7 February 2006
Radical London cleric Abu Hamza was convicted of incitement to murder and sentenced to 7 years.
Metropolitan Police • Crown Prosecution Service - 7 November 2006
Al Qaida operative Dhiren Barot was sentenced to a minimum of 30 years' imprisonment after admitting a plot to attack UK and US targets using a "dirty bomb" and gas-filled limousines.
Metropolitan Police • Crown Prosecution Service - 30 April 2007
Five men were imprisoned for life after being convicted of a plot to attack targets such as shopping centres and nightclubs using fertiliser-based explosives; two others were acquitted.
Metropolitan Police • Crown Prosecution Service - 15 June 2007
Seven men were jailed for a total of 136 years for their involvement in Dhiren Barot's "dirty bomb" plot and "Gas Limos Project".
Metropolitan Police • Crown Prosecution Service - 5 July 2007
Three men were imprisoned for up to 10 years after being convicted of using the Internet to promote terrorism.
Metropolitan Police • Crown Prosecution Service - 11 July 2007
The four would-be suicide bombers of 21 July 2005 were given life sentences following their convictions on charges of conspiracy to murder. A fifth man involved in the plot was convicted in November 2007.
Metropolitan Police • Crown Prosecution Service - 26 July 2007
Five students were convicted on charges of possessing material for terrorist purposes with the intention of going to terrorist training camps in Pakistan or Afghanistan.
Metropolitan Police • Crown Prosecution Service - 9 Jan 2008
Sohail Anjum Qureshi, an Al Qaida-trained terrorist intent on carrying out an act of terrorism overseas, was jailed for four and a half years.
Metropolitan Police - 18 February 2008
Five conspirators were convicted of plotting to kidnap and behead a British soldier and were sentenced to terms of between two years and life.
Crown Prosecution Service - 17 December 2008
Bilal Abdulla, an Iraqi citizen who worked in a hospital in Paisley, Scotland, was sentenced to 32 years' imprisonment for his role in terrorist attacks carried out in London and Glasgow International Airport in June 2007.
Metropolitan Police • Crown Prosecution Service - 14 September 2009
In one of a series of trials, three men who plotted in 2006 to blow up aircraft mid-flight between the UK, America and Canada by using liquid explosives were jailed for life.
Metropolitan Police • Crown Prosecution Service - 8 July 2010
Ibrahim Savant, Arafat Khan and Waheed Zaman were convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment for conspiracy to murder persons unknown. By this point a total of twelve people had been convicted in seven trials for terrorism-related offences in connection with the 2006 aircraft bomb plot.
Metropolitan Police • Crown Prosecution Service - 2 November 2010
Roshonara Choudhry, a student from East London, was convicted of attempting to murder the MP Stephen Timms after being inspired by extremist sermons she had watched on the Internet.
Metropolitan Police • Crown Prosecution Service